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I find that vast majority of people who buy monitors are concerned about brand, size, etc. In fact, we often overlook monitor panel. I believe that when we check monitor parameters, we will know panel parameters. Basically it will be IPS, TN, PLS, VA and other panels. So which panel is best for a computer monitor? Let's popularize difference between IPS/TN/PLS/VA panels.

IPS panel category:

S-ips panel

The S-ips panel is original ips panel with 8-bit color output, so display color of this panel is very high, and components are more specialized, but its cost is very high. The advent of S-ips panel changed arrangement of liquid crystal molecules and also changed separation of electrodes. If no voltage is applied to screen, its liquid crystal molecules will not flip over and light cannot pass through. When voltage is applied, liquid crystal molecules flip over to let light through, which greatly improves viewing angle of screen and can display up to 16,777,216 colors.

H-IPS Panel

This type of panel is more recent than original ips display panel. It was successfully developed by LGD based on S-ips technology transferred from Hitachi. Based on S-ips technology, LGD has gradually developed such a display screen. H-ips is mainly aimed at new type of improved screen panel made by original S-ips in terms of viewing angle, contrast and purple at high angles, which can greatly improve screen response time and reduce problem. Color Drift Technologically improved screen color reproduction and enhanced image color effect.

E-ips panel

E-ips is actually a cost-effective and super-simplistic H-ips display panel. They have no significant difference in image principle and basis, but E-ips not only has all advantages of ips, but also has a stronger response speed and better display effect. In addition, E-ips panel itself is not easy to produce large depressions on appearance. Its color will be clearer when working, and image delay will also be reduced. It will rarely appear, but its color types will be relatively small, and it can display about 262,144 color conditions, which is its direct disadvantage.

AH-IPS

AH-IPS (Advanced High Performance IPS System) was launched in 2011. Compared with high-end H-IPS, AH-IPS significantly reduces cost. The distance between LCD pixels is smaller, which increases light transmission of panel.

Easy understanding of H-IPS>S-IPS>AH-IPS>E-IPS

IPS panel performance analysis:

IPS is abbreviation of In-Plane Switching in English, which means in-plane switching screen technology in English, commonly known as "Super TFT", which is now widely used in display panels such as LCD monitors and screens are mobilex phones. . In layman's terms, an IPS screen is a screen that uses IPS technology. Compared with ordinary screens, it has a clearer and finer dynamic display effect, and visual effect is more outstanding. Therefore, when we usually choose LCD or smartphone screen , IPS screens will perform better. Because of this, ordinary IPS LCD monitors or smartphones will become the main selling point often mentioned by sellers.

Benefits:

Large viewing angle: The viewing angle of IPS screen panel can reach 178 degrees. The degree of color change when viewed from front and when viewed from different angles becomes a color distortion factor, and resulting value is almost indistinguishable from naked eye. This means that effect of viewing image from front or side is same.

True Color: This is also a comprehensive display of color cushion characteristics of an IPS screen. Thanks to excellent color flipping and brightness conversion performance of IPS screen, no matter what angle you view it from, you can see high-quality images with vivid colors, rich and natural.

Excellent dynamic image quality: IPS screen can display high-definition dynamic images, which is especially suitable for reproducing moving images without afterimages and tails. Good media for movies.

Energy saving and environmental protection: IPS screen technology provides more energy saving and environmental protection. Moreover, due to more intelligent arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, thickness of liquid crystal layer is reduced, thereby changing light transmission of liquid crystal screen, enhancing display effect, and making display panel thinner and stronger. preservation.

Accurate color reproduction. Professionals prefer to use IPS screen technology to meet more stringent color requirements of professionals in design, printing, aerospace and other industries.

Cons:

Because IPS screen uses a horizontal arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, which increases viewing angle but reduces light penetration. In order to better display bright colors, it is necessary to increase brightness of backlight, so phenomenon of light leakage is extremely important for IPS screens. Generally speaking, with increase in screen, problem of light leakage at edges over a large area has always been a criticism of IPS. The practice of improving backlight due to fact that IPS screen cannot improve penetration also loses competitive advantage of high contrast.

Panel PLS:

After talking about IPS panel, I have to mention PLS panel because everyone is always comparing these two panels. Because panel is designed and manufactured by Samsung exclusive technology, PLS's market share is not that big. IPS, TN panels, and more. This is panel that Samsung Display has relied on since its launch. The full name of PLS panel used to be "SuperPLS (Plane-to-Line)" and full name of IPS was "In-Plane Switching". It can be seen that reason why IPS is called "hard screen" is because its screen surface has a relatively high hardness, and whether it is PVA panel or MVA panel, their screen surface material is relatively soft, so they are commonly called "hard screen". ". Peoplecall it "soft screen". While Samsung's PLS does not use a mirror screen on outside of fuselage, its screen has a high hardness similar to that of an IPS panel, so we can also call Samsung's PLS "hard screen".

The PLS panel control method is that all electrodes are in same plane, and liquid crystal molecules are controlled by vertical and horizontal electric fields. While not exactly a variant of an IPS panel, its performance is very close to IPS and its production cost is said to be about 15% lower than IPS, so it's actually quite competitive in market. Some manufacturers even use PLS panels to pretend to be IPS panels for display production, which to some extent shows similarity between PLS and IPS panels, but this is obviously misleading to consumers.

TN panel:

TN panel, full name Twisted Nematic panel. Due to its low manufacturing cost, TN has become most widely used entry-level LCD panel. The TN panel features a high deflection rate of liquid crystal molecules, which can easily improve response time. But worse in color rendering. The TN panel is a soft screen, and similar watermarks appear when you run your hand lightly over it. Due to lack of viewing angle, this type of panel display is slowly being phased out of mainstream market.

TN panel vs. IPS panel

Benefits:

The advantage of TN panel is that number of output gray levels is smaller, liquid crystal molecule deflection rate is fast, and response time is easy to improve. The benefits of a TN flat screen for gamers are fast response times. speed, low radiation and, more importantly, not easy to cause visual fatigue, so suitable for gamers.

Cons:

The disadvantage of TN panel is that as a native 6-bit panel, TN panel can only display 64 red/green/blue colors, and maximum actual number of colors is only 262.144, while wide viewing angle panel has original 8-bit colors, so it's transient better. In addition, it is more difficult to improve contrast of TN panels, so color of TN panels is relatively pale, not bright enough, and viewing angle is small. brightness difference.

It is recommended, except for avid gamers, that it is better not to choose a TN screen, because color and viewing angle are much worse, and it is not suitable for work and watching movies.

VA Panel:

VA panels can be divided into MVA panels developed by Fujitsu and PVA panels developed by Samsung. The latter are a legacy and improvement of former and are currently most used type on market. The VA panel is also a type of panel that is widely used in high-end LCDs and refers to a panel with a wide viewing angle. Compared with TN panels, 8-bit panels can display 16.7 million colors, and large viewing angle is a high-end capital for this type of panel, but price is also higher than TN panels.

Fujitsu's MVA (multi-domain vertical alignment, multi-quadrant vertical alignment technology) technology can be said to be earliest wide viewing angle LCD panel technology. Panels such as Chimei Electronics (Qijing Optoelectronics) and AU Optronics in Taiwan Province in my country have adopted this panel technology. Samsung Electronics' PVA (Pattern Vertical Alignment) technology is also classified as VA technology. This is a vertical image adjustment technology. This technology directly changes structure of liquid crystal unit, greatly improving display performance and producing better images. output brightness and contrast than MVA. In addition, based on these two types, two types of improved S-PVA and P-MVA are expanded, as well as a simplified version of C-PVA panel, similar to e-IPS.

The characteristic of VA panel is that front (front view) contrast of VA panel is highest, but screen uniformity is insufficient and color drift often occurs. Crisp text is its hallmark, and black and white contrast is quite high. The VA panel is also a soft screen, as long as you lightly touch PA paneledges, VA panel will show plum patterns, and TN panel will show water ripples.

Real shots from different angles of VA panel

Benefits:

The advantage is that display using VA panel has a large viewing angle, purer blacks, high contrast and accurate color reproduction.

Cons:

The disadvantages of VA panels are relatively high power consumption, relatively slow response times, average panel uniformity, and slightly worse viewing angles than IPS.

Browse:

In general, TN panels are completely unacceptable for users with higher requirements for image quality and viewing angle, but still survive in today's display market due to low price and few advantages. . More users like displays with VA, PLS and IPS panels. Since products are close, it is difficult to choose. Generally speaking, PLS and IPS panels are slightly better in color reproduction and viewing angles. Compared with IPS panels, PLS theoretically has a cost advantage, and price is relatively affordable. Choice This is a more flexible approach, but disadvantage is that for PLS panels, there are relatively few products to choose from.

Finally, I would like to mention professional gaming monitors. Since professional gaming monitors have relatively high requirements for corresponding time, and IPS and PLS are not suitable, most professional gaming monitors currently use VA or TN panels. Of course, control circuit and other aspects are much optimized, so price is much higher than conventional monitors.