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Previous summary: The first part of this article was cut from my own post a few months ago, and I'll make some additions. I won't continue in this post because it will be removed as a serious post. It's been a long time, it's time to take stock #(funny)

I will summarize content of this article in an answer on this floor

I'm most common computer salesman, so there must be some omissions in article, I hope you correct me

This article is mainly for informing Xiaobai about computers, there is no advertising to promote, please rest assured to eat.

First, computer is mainly divided into three parts: host computer, monitor, external device

You could just say that chassis and things inside are called host

A monitor is a device that can display images

The external device is a keyboard and, of course, a mouse for control

These three elements are indispensable, without one of them computer cannot be used normally

The relationship is shown in figure below. Let's talk about host first

The host consists of following parts:

Motherboard processor (central processing unit) video card memory hard drive network card sound card power supply housing radiator housing fan, etc.

I'll describe their functions below#(haha) First of all, let's talk about CPU. The CPU is most important hardware in a computer. It mainly performs computational functions. Even CPU of mobile phones has been upgraded to 5nm. We can roughly assume that smaller nm value, more advanced technical process, higher performance, and of course price will increase accordingly. At present, there are two main manufacturers of computer processors, INTEL and AMD. Both Intel and AMD are old American companies, and there have been many competitors during this period. Of course, consumers win in end.

First of all, let's talk about Intel CPU related issues

Intel processor series can be roughly divided into Xeon, Core, Celeron, Pentium, Atom, etc. I will briefly talk about them below

1. Main series. At present, popular series in market are four series i3, i5, i7, i9.

To put it simply, in Core series, i3 is a low-end processor series, i5 is a mid-range processor series, i7 is a high-end processor series, and i9 is a high-end processor series. But i5 is not necessarily better than i3. The 10th gen i3 is already comparable to 8th gen i5, mainly due to upgraded processor generation, so how to tell processor generation apart, for example, first 9 after 5 in i5 9400 means 9th generation. The last three digits can be roughly considered that more, more powerful (not necessarily), but here we can briefly explain this. At this time, some friends will ask: landlord, processor I saw on Taobao is not exactly like that, behind them are k, f and so on, what is it? No wavescheer up, I'll explain slowly#(happily)

Let's take desktop as an example:

1. The CPU suffix with letter K stands for unlocking multiplier and boosting performance. So to speak, overclocking of processor, which can be seen in i3, i5 i7, i9, and price is relatively expensive.

2. CPU suffix with X stands for higher version. Positioned as a noble version. Mostly seen only in i9. Not suitable for gaming, but suitable for professional areas.

3. The CPU suffix with letter F means version without main display. For example, i3 9100F is version of i3 9100 without main display. This type of CPU does not have a main display and price is relatively low, but it can only use an independent graphics card.

4. Processor suffix with s means processor with TDP 65W, frequency is lower than others.

5.C The PU suffix with T stands for 45W TDP and lower power version more commonly found in home all-in-ones

1. 6. C PU suffix with c is a special version. I don't know specific meaning. You can go to Baidu and take a look.

We are talking about processor suffixes on desktop side. Due to my limited level, there may be omissions. I hope everyone understands

Second, let's take a mobile terminal (laptop, etc.) as an example to illustrate:

1. CPU suffix with k means same as desktop version which means CPU that can be overclocked so I won't explain it here.

2. CPU with M suffix means low temperature CPU suitable for laptops.

3. The CPU suffix with x means same as desktop side, so I won't explain it here.

4. The C PU suffix with letter Q stands for 4-core processor.

5. The C PU suffix with U stands for ultra-low voltage, low performance version, mainly used for thin and light laptops.

6. C PU suffix with Y means ultra-low power version, power consumption is only about 10W, performance is very low, and this is more common in low-cost tablet computers.

7.CPU with an H in suffix is ​​a non-removable high-voltage processor.

8. The CPU suffix with HK is installed version of h and k. You can find out by adding.

Some suffixes may not be listed. I hope you can add some more

Briefly, picture is as follows. There are also Xeon Pentium Celeron and like, which are not used by most users. You can go to Baidu and search for CPU ladder diagrams to find out their performance.

Summary Currently, Xeon and Core series are most common. As low end processors such as Pentium and Celeron, they rarely appear in public and are more common in elementary and high school computer labs, and very few offices. #(funny)

Second, let's learn about AMD. I don't know much about AMD, so let's talk about it roughly.

Most AMD CPU users are now using Ryzen series processors, which are very good series among these series. It is also divided into R3R5R7R9 which is compared to Intel Core. There are three generations of Ryzen processors, and it can be said that each generation is more amazing than previous generation (Intel criticizes here), and algebra and numbers behind it are almost same as Intel. Compared to Intel, many AMD processors can overclock motherboards. x50 series boards Overclocking is supported and nothing else matters. By way, APU refers to a processor with a powerful nuclear display, which is suitable for users who do not need a separate display, or users who want to assemble a small steel gun with a nuclear display.

For Athlon, you don't need to use Dulong or anything, and positioning is relatively low so I won't talk about it now.

Of course, there is also Thread Ripper series, a very high-end professional CPU known for its high core count, high performance, and high heat dissipation. He can even flip electricity meter haha

Here are some frequently asked questions and answers

Q1: I'm using an i7 4790k but want to upgrade. Can i replace it with i7 10700K?

A1: Yes, but at same time, you need to replace motherboard. It is recommended to replace z490 motherboard, because this motherboard supports CPU overclocking, so performance will not be excessive. Another thing is to check generation of your own memory. If this is ddr3 memory, then before using it, you need to replace it with ddr4 memory. If power supply is insufficient, replace power supply.

Q2: I'm a beginner, I don't know how to install computers, what should I do?

A2: If you don't know how to install it yourself, you can find someone who can install it. If you don't know how, you can buy a guaranteed complete computer, but you can't buy foreign garbage or computers without specific models.

B3. Why don't other people's processors have a box? I bought it with a box?

A3: This is ratio between loose film and boxed packaging. As a rule, loose film has only a processor and nothing else. It only supports personal warranty, and time is relatively short, about 1 year. packaging looks good and comes with a CPU heatsink device, warranty is relatively long. But there is no difference in use between them, and performance is same.

Question 4: Why do I see Q CPUs and other laptops on my home computer?

A4: It may have been removed from laptop and then changed to desktop.

B5. I bought my computer just last year. Why does algebra seem to be only second generation?

A5: So you've been lied to, so raise yourhave a knife.

Question 6. Why does my CPU have such a high temperature?, always got a blue screen stuck?

A6: Either chassis air duct is not suitable or heatsink is defective. Temperatures in summer tend to be higher than in winter, and lack of silicone lubricant is only a minor factor.

Q7: My CPU pins are crooked, what should I do?

A7: If only one or two are crooked, you can fix it, but this approach is very risky, it is recommended to send for a guarantee.

Also, tdp of a processor doesn't quite match power you're actually using, so when buying a PSU, buy one based on situation.

The Celebrities 10 motherboard is also a very important piece of hardware in your computer. It functions as a container to "hold" hardware such as a processor, video card, memory, hard drive, etc. There are also many types.

We already know that processor is installed on motherboard, so motherboards are also divided into two categories, one supports Intel processors and other supports AMD processors. There are also many companies producing motherboards, but main ones are only such as microstar, asus, gigabyte and colorful< /p>

GALAX and so on. Each brand also has different classifications for motherboards of same chipset i.e. Beggars Edition and Deluxe Edition. This is a motherboard with a b85 chipset (a long time ago). You can see a lot of interfaces and slots on it. There are memory slots, pcie slots, processor slots, power supply interfaces, sound output interfaces, usb interfaces, network cards, sound cards (pcie 1 ) and hard drives. Interfaces, etc. have their own uses. Many motherboards also have m2 interfaces for connecting hard drives with m2 interfaces.

Generally speaking, richer interface, better you can see slots and interfaces inside

The most important thing about an entire motherboard is a compatible processor. In motherboard introduction interface, you can see following logo, where seller marked brand, motherboard size, supported model and chipset of processor, etc.< /p>

But there are still netizens who don't know what options it says mean, so let me explain

At present, motherboards are mainly divided into two categories, namely Intel and AMD chipset types

Many bar friends will see b360 z490 and other logos when buying motherboards. This is motherboard chipset

The main differences between Intel and AMD are as follows

Intel: H B Q Z X etc.

Amd: A B X TRX, etc. Intel chipset performance ratings: H

When buying an Intel CPU, some friends will find words such as LGA 1151, that is, CPU socket is same as am4 below. Different CPUs have different sockets, and they are also compatible with different motherboards. need to check if CPU slot on motherboard is same as CPU interface. If number of pins is different, it can not be assembled. If you understand, buy board and kit, remember that I said to k with z x with x without or f with b h , chipset and u matching is very complex and you will have to look for your processor. How to choose, I have additional instructions below.

And amd chipset rank A

Because this is case, some netizens have expressed doubts about numbers in suffixes. For example, what does number 310 mean on an Intel H310 motherboard?

Actually, first digit in this number indicates generation of motherboard, as well as compatibility of multiple generations of CPUs. For example, motherboard of h310 chipset supports 8th generation Core i3, i5, and i7 CPUs. Similarly, B360 also supports 89 generation processors. You can go to Baidu to see content. #(Hmm)

Of course, some people will find that many motherboards are labeled with suffixes like i, m, etc. What does that mean? In fact, this is motherboard specification. At present, main specifications include following types: E-ATX (improved large board, more common in x series motherboards) ATX (large board, found in many chipsets) M-ATX (medium standard size , available in many chipsets) MINI-ATX

(mini version, very small, but few interface expansion slots) The size of motherboard determines number of different electronic components and slot interfaces. For example, this picture clearly shows number of interfaces, chipset shows interface and its size, generally speaking, E-ATX board has 8 memory slots, ATX has four, and MATX has four and two memory slots. , There are only two ITX, and some motherboards are divided to have m.2 interface, but most motherboards now support m2 hard drives, what we need to pay attention to is whether it supports nvme protocol and transmission performance. hard drives m2 protocols nvme and sata There is a huge gap between them, which we will talk about when we get acquainted with hard drive. In short, larger version of motherboard, more compatible things and higher performance of expansion. The smallest itx motherboard is mainly found in itx small steel cannon series with least interfaces and worst pextension performance.

Another thing to note is that bigger motherboard better, it depends on your own needs and case size. If your case supports max matx motherboard, you can only buy matx version or smaller version. .

In addition, too many interfaces will increase load on motherboard and increase power consumption, so installing your own suitable hardware can save space and reduce heat dissipation.

Q&A about motherboards:

Q1: Sir, my main board has an H81 chipset, you never said that, but what about this main board?

A1: Motherboards like this one were released a few years ago, such as H81, H61, B85, B75, etc. The processors they support are relatively early generations, please check with Du Niang for details.

Question 2: Is my computer branded so it doesn't show chipset?

A2: Such a problem can be seen without disassembling host, just by downloading relatively detailed software such as Aida64, Tuba Toolbox, etc.

Q3: My motherboard is b360, right now I only have one ddr4 8g memory, can I add another one?

A3: Yes, installing a memory card is quite easy. When buying a memory card, you need to check algebra (ddrx) of memory card, as well as its capacity and frequency. Different brands and capacities of memory can be mixed. , memory with different frequencies can also be mixed, but frequency will drop to frequency of memory with lowest frequency when used, so try to buy same flash drive as original memory. When setting up two channels, carefully look at prompt symbols on main board, and connect according to what is written, and do not connect in wrong position.

Q4: How to choose a motherboard?

A4: It depends on processor you need to buy, your chassis, etc. It needs to be considered as a whole. If you still can't tell, buy a set.